longterm nuclear effects :: essays research papers

When a nuclear weapon is detonated the energy of the blast is transferred to the surrounding environment in three forms: blast, thermal radiation, and nuclear radiation. When a nuclear weapon is detonated the energy of the blast is transferred to the surrounding environment in three forms: blast, thermal radiation, and nuclear radiation. When a nuclear weapon is detonated the energy of the blast is transferred to the surrounding environment in three forms: blast, thermal radiation, and nuclear radiation. When a nuclear weapon is detonated the energy of the blast is transferred to the surrounding environment in three forms: blast, thermal radiation, and nuclear radiation. When a nuclear weapon is detonated the energy of the blast is transferred to the surrounding environment in three forms: blast, thermal radiation, and nuclear radiation. When a nuclear weapon is detonated the energy of the blast is transferred to the surrounding environment in three forms: blast, thermal radiation, and nuclear radiation. When a nuclear weapon is detonated the energy of the blast is transferred to the surrounding environment in three forms: blast, thermal radiation, and nuclear radiation. When a nuclear weapon is detonated the energy of the blast is transferred to the surrounding environment in three forms: blast, thermal radiation, and nuclear radiation. When a nuclear weapon is detonated the energy of the blast is transferred to the surrounding environment in three forms: blast, thermal radiation, and nuclear radiation. When a nuclear weapon is detonated the energy of the blast is transferred to the surrounding environment in three forms: blast, thermal radiation, and nuclear radiation. When a nuclear weapon is detonated the energy of the blast is transferred to the surrounding environment in three forms: blast, thermal radiation, and nuclear radiation. When a nuclear weapon is detonated the energy of the blast is transferred to the surrounding environment in three forms: bla st, thermal radiation, and nuclear radiation.

Laser Surgery :: Health Medicine Medical Essays

Laser surgery Lasers (The word laser is an acronym for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation.) lasers were first introduced in 1960, The first successfully optical laser constructed by Maiman (1960), was a ruby crystal surrounded by a helicoilal flash tube enclosed within a polished aluminum cylindrical cavity cooled by forced air. The ruby cylinder forms a Fabry-Perot cavity by optically polishing the ends to be parallel to within a third of a wavelength of light. Each end was coated with evaporated silver; one end was made less reflective to allow some radiation to escape as a beam was produced. Initially the laser was named the invention looking for a job. Photo-pumped by a fast discharge flash-lamp, the first ruby lasers operated in pulsed mode for reasons of heat dissipation and the need for high pumping powers. Nelson and Boyle (1962) constructed a continuous lasing ruby by replacing the flash lamp with an arc lamp.(1) Today lasers are much like those of the early ones and they are widely used in many fields, their uses are wide spread, From fusion physics to the DVD player these are common places where lasers are used. Medicine and surgery are no exceptions from skin resurfacing to eye surgery to correct vision. With the development of lasers Physicians have been able to provide treatment for a large number of medical disorders. Medical lasers have made it possible to treat conditions, which were previously untreatable or difficult to treat. To make the most of the laser technology physicians must maintain a up to date understanding of laser systems and conditions for which each can be applied .To achieve these goals the basic terminology and fundamentals of laser-tissue interaction is needed. Before we can learn about lasers we need to know a little about light, because that is essentially what a laser is made of. First the speed of light is 3.00*10to the 8th meter per second .The American physicist Albert Michelson found a ratio 1.33 for the speed of light c in a vacuum to the lights speed v in water. This value is equal to the index of refraction n thus n=c/v gives us a way to predict the speed of light in any material once we know its index refraction.(2) Lasers produce a intense beam of bright light that travels in one direction. And a laser has the unique ability to produce one specific color or wave length of light which can be varied in its intensity and pulse.

Lamb to the Slaughter by Roald Dahl and The Signalman by Charles Dickens :: Comparing

In my essay I will be comparing the two short stories Lamb to the Slaughter by Roald Dahl and The Signalman by Charles Dickens. Comparing Short Stories In my essay I will be comparing the two short stories 'Lamb to the Slaughter' by Roald Dahl and 'The Signalman' by Charles Dickens. They both contain a twist in the tale and use the Macabre Tale Genre. The scenes are very different from on another and show different uses of language as Lamb to the slaughter uses 1900 text and The Signalman uses 20th Century text. The opening of Lamb to the slaughter gives the reader no reason to believe anything bad is going to happen. It starts off normal and uses words such as warm, clean and tranquil to paint the picture of the house being calm and a nice place. Though at the beginning of The Signalman it gives words such as gloomy and angry sunset to portray it is quite a scary maybe a dark and cold place. The Signalman is set in a 'Signal-box by a gloomy railway cutting with its dark tunnel' Lamb to the slaughter, being set in a house is completely different and delivers more of a calm and peaceful atmosphere. They don't seem to have many similarities. The theme to The Signalman is that of a man describing his experience of meeting a Signalman being haunted by a ghost. This ghost seemed to be warning him of hid death. It involves the two main characters, the narrator and the signalman. The Signalman described by the narrator, 'His attitude was one of such expectation and watchfulness' The narrator is not described throughout the story. The theme to Lamb to the slaughter is that of a husband and his wife. It is set in their house and their wife murders her husband with a leg of lamb. It is a story that tells us of how she tries to cover up the murder and tries to get the blame away from her and destroys all the evidence. The wife is described as, 'Her skin had acquired a wonderful translucent quality, the mouth was soft, and the eyes with their new placid look, seemed larger, darker than before.' The husband is described as having 'A warm male glow that came out of him' And the 'Far look in his eyes when they rested on her, the funny slope of the mouth.' These are things that the writer has written that the wife thinks about Patrick, her husband. I like the character of the wife because I like the way she covers up her murdering her husband.

Compare and Contrast the Techniques Used by Bronte in Describing Thornfiled Hall in Chapter 11, with those used by Woolf in Describing London

Jane Eyre's tone is both gothic and romantic, often conjuring an atmosphere of mystery and secrecy. Her description of Thornfield in chapter 11, is very Victorian and thorough, which draws us into the novel. On page 122 of Chapter 11, when approaching the third floor, Jane uses a visual first person narrative text. When Bronte writes, â€Å"Mrs Fairfax stayed behind a moment to fasten the trap-door†, she is giving us an aspect of ambiguity, the word ‘fasten' emphasises the refusal of entry. The description of the staircase in Thornfield Hall illustrates the rigid and constricted atmosphere, as they are described as ‘the narrow garret staircase'. Bronte uses alliteration when stating, â€Å"lingered in the long passage†, to emphasise the description of her movement in the surroundings. The phrase ‘separating' used in the passage exemplifies the secrecy within Thornfield, which also intrigues us. The use of semicolons and commas in the passage, adds to the appeal of Thornifield, illustrated when Bronte writes, â€Å"the third story; narrow, low, and dim†. These techniques disrupt the flow of the sentence to show the fascination and anxiety that she has for the attic. This allows the structure of the sentence to be sharp, with short gaps to keep the reader curious and interested. The depiction of the building demonstrates the typical Victorian accommodation, of small, gothic and narrow appearance. Furthermore, the conclusive text of the ‘little window at the far end' shows the isolation within Thornfield, as light can barely enter the house. Bronte shows the seclusion in addition to this, as Jane says â€Å"with its two rows of small black doors†. The technique of colour imagery used here, exemplifies the obscurity and secrecy, which adds to the suspense of Thornfield. In Jane, Bronte gives us a detailed description of the events that occur in her life. Despite these Gothic elements, Jane's personality is friendly and the tone is also affectionate and confessional. Her unflagging spirit and opinionated nature further infuse the book with high energy and suspense. Mrs Dalloway is written in the first person narrative and so all her images are also very thorough. The dialect used by Woolf is very energetic and visual. This is immediately demonstrated on the first page, as Woolf uses onomatopoeic terms such as â€Å"What a lark! What a plunge! † The use of exclamation marks also illustrates the exuberant atmosphere in London. The opening paragraph is also heavily punctuated, but the technique used by Woolf is less symbolic in contrast to Jane Eyre. We get a great image of the frantic and constructive lifestyle Mrs Dalloway has in London, as Woolf uses terms such as ‘traffic' and ‘solemnity'. The dialect is very active in comparison to Jane Eyre, as the onomatopoeic image of Big Ben is described as â€Å"There! Out it boomed†. Here Woolf is utilising heavy sounding terms, to attract the reader into the novel and to allow us to appreciate all the elements of London city. The long sentences used by Woolf and constant repetitive descriptions anchor the dialect in the novel and help hold the prose down. Woolf also frequently uses semi-colons rather than commas in Mrs Dalloway, to break the language and interpretation of the novel down, to prevent an easy and fluent read. This is illustrated when Woolf writes, â€Å"and swinging; brass bands; barrel organs; in the triumph†¦ nd the strange high singing of some aeroplane overhead was what she loved; life; London;† The tone that Woolf takes is very sensitive in contrast to the solid language used by Bronte. Woolf has a poetic rhythm in her prose, illustrated when she writes, â€Å"there was a beating, a stirring of galloping ponies, tapping at cricket bats†. The consistent use of this sound imagery, also exemplifies the typical buoyant London atmosphere. In contrast to Jane Eyre, Woolf uses a positive colour imagery to show the attractive London environment, when writing â€Å"soft mesh of the grey-blue morning air†. Furthermore when entering the park, Woolf uses a technique of alliteration, to show the contrasting atmosphere of London city, to the park when writing â€Å"the slow-swimming happy ducks†. A more calming and subtle dialect is now used, in comparison to Jane Eyre, where Bronte uses a sharper and more emotional tone. The main contrasts between the two novels are the different use of punctuation in each. Woolf's Mrs Dalloway, although heavily punctuated, employs a more simple style. The descriptions, although very thorough, are basic to interpret, to compliment the simple imagery used. However Bronte uses the technique of punctuation in Jane Eyre, to compliment Jane's feelings. Though both novels use similar techniques of punctuation, Bronte's utilises this aspect to compliment her novel more, which adds to the element of suspense and mystery. This intrigues the reader and allows us to feel Jane's emotions at the current time. The technique and punctuation that Woolf' uses, helps to elevate the environment of London and help create a very expressive novel, which concentrates more on the surroundings.

The Vampire Diaries: Dark Reunion Chapter Ten

Meredith sat down on the knee-high wall of the ruined church. â€Å"You said it was going to be dangerous, Stefan, but you didn't say you were going to let him strangle me.† â€Å"I'm sorry. I was hoping he'd give some more information, especially after he admitted to being there when Sue died. But I shouldn't have waited.† â€Å"I haven't admitted anything! You can't prove anything,† Tyler said. The animal whine was back in his voice, but on the walk up his face and body had returned to normal. Or rather, they'd returned to human, Meredith thought. The swelling and bruises and dried blood weren't normal. â€Å"This isn't a court of law, Tyler,† she said. â€Å"Your father can't help you now.† â€Å"But if it were, we'd have a pretty good case,† Stefan added. â€Å"Enough to put you away on conspiracy to commit murder, I think.† â€Å"That's if somebody doesn't melt down their grandma's teaspoons to make a silver bullet,† Matt put in. Tyler looked from one to another of them. â€Å"I won't tell you anything.† â€Å"Tyler, you know what you are? You're a bully,† Bonnie said. â€Å"And bullies always talk.† â€Å"You don't mind pinning a girl down and threatening her,† said Matt, â€Å"but when her friends turn up, you're scared spitless.† Tyler just glared at all of them. â€Å"Well, if you don't want to talk, I guess I'll have to,† Stefan said. He leaned down and picked up the thick book he'd gotten from the library. One foot on the lip of the tomb, he rested the book on his knee and opened it. In that moment, Meredith thought, he looked frighteningly like Damon. â€Å"This is a book by Gervase of Tilbury, Tyler,† he said. â€Å"It was written around the year 1210 a.d. One of the things it talks about is werewolves.† â€Å"You can't prove anything! You don't have any evidence-â€Å" â€Å"Shut up, Tyler!† Stefan looked at him. â€Å"I don't need to prove it. I can see it, even now. Have you forgotten what I am?† There was a silence, and then Stefan went on. â€Å"When I got here a few days ago, there was a mystery. A girl was dead. But who killed her? And why? All the clues I could see seemed contradictory. â€Å"It wasn't an ordinary killing, not some human psycho off the street. I had the word of somebody I trusted on that-and independent evidence, too. An ordinary killer can't work a Ouija board by telekinesis. An ordinary killer can't cause fuses to blow in a power plant hundreds of miles away. â€Å"No, this was somebody with tremendous physical and psychic power. From everything Vickie told me, it sounded like a vampire. â€Å"And there was another thing. You were in that house, Tyler. You made the mistake of grabbing Bonnie that night, and then you made the mistake of shooting off your mouth the next day, saying things you couldn't have known unless you were there. â€Å"So what did we have? A seasoned vampire, a vicious killer with Power to spare? Or a high school bully who couldn't organize a trip to the toilet without falling over his own feet? Which? The evidence pointed both ways, and I couldn't make up my mind. â€Å"Then I went to see Sue's body myself. And there it was, the biggest mystery of all. A cut here.† Stefan's finger sketched a sharp line down from his collarbone. â€Å"Typical, traditional cut-made by vampires to share their own blood. But Sue wasn't a vampire, and she didn't make that cut herself. Someone made it for her as she lay there dying on the ground.† Meredith shut her eyes, and she heard Bonnie swallow hard beside her. She put out a hand and found Bonnie's and held tight, but she went on listening. Stefan had not gone into this kind of detail in his explanation to them before. â€Å"Vampires don't need to cut their victims like that; they use their teeth,† Stefan said. His upper lip lifted slightly to show his own teeth. â€Å"But if a vampire wanted to draw blood for somebody else to drink, he might cut instead of biting. If a vampire wanted to give someone else the first and only taste, he might do that. â€Å"And that started me thinking about blood. Blood is important, you see. For vampires, it gives life, Power. It's all we need for survival, and there are times when needing it drives us crazy. But it's good for other things, too. For instance†¦ initiation. â€Å"Initiation and Power. Now I was thinking about those two things, putting them together with what I'd seen of you, Tyler, when I was in Fell's Church before. Little things I hadn't really focused on. But I remembered something Elena had told me about your family history, and I decided to check it out in Honoria Fell's journal.† Stefan lifted a piece of paper from between the pages of the book he held. â€Å"And there it was, in Honoria's handwriting. I Xeroxed the page so I could read it to you. The Smallwoods' little family secret-if you can read between the lines.† Looking down at the paper, he read: â€Å"November 12. Candles made, flax spun. We are short on cornmeal and salt, but we will get through the winter. Last night an alarm; wolves attacked Jacob Smallwood as he returned from the forest. I treated the wound with whortleberry and sallow bark, but it is deep and I am afraid. After coming home I cast the runes. I have told no one but Thomas the results. â€Å"December 20. Wolf trouble at the Smallwoods' again. We heard the screams a few minutes ago, and Thomas said it was time. He made the bullets yesterday. He has loaded his rifle and we will walk over. If we are spared, I will write again. â€Å"December 21. Went over to Smallwoods' last night. Jacob sorely afflicted. Wolf killed. â€Å"We will bury Jacob in the little graveyard at the foot of the hill. May his soul find peace in death. â€Å"In the official history of Fell's Church,† Stefan said, â€Å"that's been interpreted to mean that Thomas Fell and his wife went over to the Smallwoods' to find Jacob Smallwood being attacked by a wolf again, and that the wolf killed him. But that's wrong. What it really says is not that the wolf killed Jacob Smallwood but that Jacob Smallwood, the wolf, was killed.† Stefan shut the book. â€Å"He was a werewolf, your great-great-great-whatever grandfather, Tyler. He got that way by being attacked by a werewolf himself. And he passed his werewolf virus on to the son who was born eight and a half months after he died. Just the way your father passed it on to you.† â€Å"I always knew there was something about you, Tyler,† Bonnie said, and Meredith opened her eyes. â€Å"I never could tell what it was, but at the back of my mind something was telling me you were creepy.† â€Å"We used to make jokes about it,† Meredith said, her voice still husky. â€Å"About your ‘animal magnetism and your big white teeth. We just never knew how close to the mark we were.† â€Å"Sometimes psychics can sense that kind of thing,† Stefan conceded. â€Å"Sometimes even ordinary people can. I should have seen it, but I was preoccupied. Still, that's no excuse. And obviously somebody else-the psychic killer-saw it right away. Didn't he, Tyler? A man wearing an old raincoat came to you. He was tall, with blond hair and blue eyes, and he made some kind of a deal with you. In exchange for-something-he'd show you how to reclaim your heritage. How to become a real werewolf. â€Å"Because according to Gervase of Tilbury†-Stefan tapped the book on his knee -â€Å"a werewolf who hasn't been bitten himself needs to be initiated. That means you can have the werewolf virus all your life but never even know it because it's never activated. Generations of Smallwoods have lived and died, but the virus was dormant in them because they didn't know the secret of waking it up. But the man in the raincoat knew. He knew that you have to kill and taste fresh blood. After that, at the first full moon you can change.† Stefan glanced up, and Meredith followed his gaze to the white disk of the moon in the sky. It looked clean and two dimensional now, no longer a sullen red globe. â€Å"Very clever,† said Meredith, and Matt said, â€Å"No kidding.† Bonnie wet her finger and marked an imaginary 1 on an invisible Scoreboard. â€Å"I knew you wouldn't be able to resist following one of the girls here if you thought she'd be alone,† said Stefan. â€Å"You'd think that the graveyard was the perfect place to kill; you'd have complete privacy. And I knew you wouldn't be able to resist bragging about what you'd done. I was hoping you'd tell Meredith more about the other killer, the one who actually threw Sue out the window, the one who cut her so you could drink fresh blood. The vampire, Tyler. Who is he? Where is he hiding?† Tyler's look of venomous hatred changed to a sneer. â€Å"You think I'd tell you that? He's my friend.† â€Å"He is not your friend, Tyler. He's using you. And he's a murderer.† â€Å"Don't get in any deeper, Tyler,† Matt added. â€Å"You're already an accessory. Tonight you tried to kill Meredith. Pretty soon you're not going to be able to go back even if you want to. Be smart and stop this now. Tell us what you know.† Tyler bared his teeth. â€Å"I'm not telling you anything. How're you going to make me?† The others exchanged glances. The atmosphere changed, became charged with tension as they all turned back to Tyler. â€Å"You really don't understand, do you?† Meredith said quietly. â€Å"Tyler, you helped kill Sue. She died for an obscene ritual so that you could change into that thing I saw. You were planning to kill me, and Vickie and Bonnie too, I'm sure. Do you think we have any pity for you? Do you think we brought you up here to be nice to you?† There was a silence. The sneer was fading from Tyler's lips. He looked from one face to another. They were all implacable. Even Bonnie's small face was unforgiving. â€Å"Gervase of Tilbury mentions one interesting thing,† Stefan said, almost pleasantly. â€Å"There's a cure for werewolves besides the traditional silver bullet. Listen.† By moonlight, he read from the book on his knee. â€Å"It is commonly reported and held by grave and worthy doctors that if a werewolf be shorn of one of his members, he shall surely recover his original body. Gervase goes on to tell the story of Raimbaud of Auvergne, a werewolf who was cured when a carpenter cut off one of his hind paws. Of course, that was probably hideously painful, but the story goes that Raimbaud thanked the carpenter ‘for ridding him forever of the accursed and damnable form.' † Stefan raised his head. â€Å"Now, I'm thinking that if Tyler won't help us with information, the least we can do is make sure he doesn't go out and kill again. What do the rest of you say?† â€Å"All we have to do is relieve him of one of his members,† Bonnie agreed. â€Å"I can think of one right off,† Meredith said under her breath. Tyler's eyes were starting to bulge. Under the dirt and blood his normally ruddy face had gone pale. â€Å"You're bluffing!† â€Å"Get the ax, Matt,† said Stefan. â€Å"Meredith, you take off one of his shoes.† Tyler kicked when she did, aiming for her face. Matt came and got his head in a hammer-lock. â€Å"Don't make it any worse on yourself, Tyler.† The bare foot Meredith exposed was big, the sole as sweaty as Tyler's palms. Coarse hair sprouted from the toes. It made Meredith's skin crawl. â€Å"Let's get this over with,† she said. â€Å"You're joking!† Tyler howled, thrashing so that Bonnie had to come and grab his other leg and kneel on it. â€Å"You can't do this! You can't!† â€Å"Keep him still,† Stefan said. Working together, they stretched Tyler out, his head locked in Matt's arm, his legs spread and pinned by the girls. Making sure Tyler could see what he was doing, Stefan balanced a branch perhaps two inches thick on the lip of the tomb. He raised the ax and then brought it down hard, severing the stick with one blow. â€Å"It's sharp enough,† he said. â€Å"Meredith, roll his pants leg up. Then tie some of that cord just above his ankle as tight as you can for a tourniquet. Otherwise he'll bleed out.† â€Å"You can't do this!† Tyler was screaming. â€Å"You can't dooooooo this!† â€Å"Scream all you want, Tyler. Up here, nobody's going to hear you, right?† Stefan said. â€Å"You're no better than I am!† Tyler yelled in a spray of spittle. â€Å"You're a killer too!† â€Å"I know exactly what I am,† Stefan said. â€Å"Believe me, Tyler. I know. Is everybody ready? Good. Hold on to him; he's going to jump when I do it.† Tyler's screams weren't even words anymore. Matt was holding him so that he could see Stefan kneel and take aim, hefting the ax blade above Tyler's ankle to gauge force and distance. â€Å"Now,† said Stefan, raising the ax high. â€Å"No! No! I'll talk to you! I'll talk!† shrieked Tyler. Stefan glanced at him. â€Å"Too late,† he said, and brought the ax down. It rebounded off the stone floor with a clang and a spark, but the noise was drowned by Tyler's screaming. It seemed to take Tyler several minutes to realize that the blade hadn't touched his foot. He paused for breath only when he choked, and turned wild, bulging eyes on Stefan. Little whimpers were coming from Tyler's throat and there was foam on his lips. â€Å"I don't know his name,† he gasped out. â€Å"But he looks like you said. And you're right; he's a vampire, man! I saw him drain a ten-point buck while it was still kicking. He lied to me,† Tyler added, the whine creeping back into his voice. â€Å"He told me I'd be stronger than anybody, as strong as him. He said I could have any girl I wanted, any way I wanted. The creep lied.† â€Å"He told you that you could kill and get away with it,† Stefan said. â€Å"He said I could do Caroline that night. She had it coming after the way she ditched me. I wanted to make her beg-but she got out of the house somehow. I could have Caroline and Vickie, he said. All he wanted was Bonnie and Meredith.† â€Å"But you just tried to kill Meredith.† â€Å"That was now. Things are different now, stupid. He said it was all right.† â€Å"Why?† Meredith asked Stefan in an undertone. â€Å"Maybe because you'd served your purpose,† he said. â€Å"You'd brought me here.† Then he went on, â€Å"All right, Tyler, show us you're cooperating. Tell us how we can get this guy.† â€Å"Get him? You're nuts!† Tyler burst into ugly laughter, and Matt tightened the arm around his throat. â€Å"Hey, choke me all you want; it's still the truth. He told me he's one of the Old Ones, one of the Originals, whatever that means. He said he's been making vampires since before the pyramids. He said he's made a bargain with the devil. You could stick a stake in his heart and it wouldn't do anything. You can't kill him.† The laughter became uncontrolled. â€Å"Where's he hiding, Tyler?† Stefan rapped out. â€Å"Every vampire needs a place to sleep. Where is it?† â€Å"He'd kill me if I told you that. He'd eat me, man. God, if I told you what he did to that buck before it died†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Tyler's laughter was turning into something like sobs. â€Å"Then you'd better help us destroy him before he can find you, hadn't you? What's his weak point? How's he vulnerable?† â€Å"God, that poor buck†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Tyler was blubbering. â€Å"What about Sue? Did you cry over her?† Stefan said sharply. He picked up the ax. â€Å"I think,† he said, â€Å"that you're wasting our time.† The ax lifted. â€Å"No! No! I'll talk to you; I'll tell you something. Look, there's one kind of wood that can hurt him-not kill him, but hurt him. He admitted that but didn't tell me what it was! I swear to you that's the truth!† â€Å"Not good enough, Tyler,† said Stefan. â€Å"For God's sake-I'll tell you where he's going tonight. If you get over there fast enough, maybe you can stop him.† â€Å"What do you mean, where he's going tonight? Talk fast, Tyler!† â€Å"He's going to Vickie's, okay? He said tonight we get one each. That's helpful, isn't it? If you hurry, maybe you can get there!† Stefan had frozen, and Meredith felt her heart racing. Vickie. They hadn't even thought about an attack on Vickie. â€Å"Damon's guarding her,† Matt said. â€Å"Right, Stefan? Right?† â€Å"He's supposed to be,† Stefan said. â€Å"I left him there at dusk. If something happened, he should have called me†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"You guys,† Bonnie whispered. Her eyes were big and her lips were trembling. â€Å"I think we'd better get over there now.† They stared at her a moment and then everyone was moving. The ax clanged on the floor as Stefan dropped it. â€Å"Hey, you can't leave me like this! I can't drive! He's gonna come back for me! Come back and untie my hands!† Tyler shrieked. None of them answered. They ran all the way down the hill and piled into Meredith's car. Meredith took off speeding, rounding corners dangerously fast and gliding through stop signs, but there was a part of her that didn't want to get to Vickie's house. That wanted to turn around and drive the other way. I'm calm; I'm the one who's always calm, she thought. But that was on the outside. Meredith knew very well how calm you could look on the outside when inside everything was breaking up. They rounded the last corner onto Birch Street and Meredith hit the brakes. â€Å"Oh, God!† Bonnie cried from the backseat. â€Å"No! No!† â€Å"Quick,† Stefan said. â€Å"There may still be a chance.† He wrenched open the door and was out even before the car had stopped. But in back, Bonnie was sobbing.

Harmful Threats to the Human Body

Harmful Threats to the Human Body There are a lot of bacteria that are good for human bodies, but there are also a lot of bacteria that’s very harmful to the human body. Bad bacteria can affect people from swimming in lakes and ponds. â€Å"Many of the world's best-known disease outbreaks have been transmitted by water-borne bacterium. † Lakes and ponds are just un-treated drinking water. They have a lot of microorganisms in it that you cannot see. There are many ways to be contaminated by bacteria; you can swallow it, breathe it in, or they can get in an open wound.Being contaminated can cause skin infections, ear infections, eye infections, diarrhea, and respiratory infections. Langerhans cells and macrophages defend against microbes. Anyone can be infected by bacteria and there doesn’t have to be a lot of it in order to be infected. Vibrio cholera is a bacterium that causes cholera outbreaks around the world. Cholera isn’t common in the U. S. anymore bu t you should be careful when visiting out of state. Another bacterium found around the world is E. coli O157:H7. It produces a bloody diarrhea.It’s also a part of food contamination. It doesn’t take many organisms to get infected by this. Children and elderly are at high risk of severe illnesses. E. coli O157:H7 is even found in swimming pools. Leptospirosis is commonly transmitted by water contaminated by animal urine or soil that comes in contact with open wounds. It can either be barely noticeable or it can cause severe muscle pain. There are many different kinds of bacteria that can have a bad effect on the human body, especially in lake waters.A lot of people think that there is no way for your body to overheat, because of sweat. They think that sweating cools your body down so that it is impossible to overheat. That is wrong. If you get too hot too fast, your body cannot work fast enough to cool down. And if your body doesn’t eventually get cooler you can have a heat stroke or die. Lipid secretions also prevent dehydration. Symptoms of overheating are hard to breath, heart beats faster, you get dizzy, throwing up, and extreme dehydration.To keep from overheating you should drink lots of water and try to relax. When getting a sunburn your killing skin cells. After getting sunburn your skin tends to become red, sensitive to touch, and even warm. The outer layer of skin on your body is called the epidermis. Epidermis cells are the ones you can touch and see, they are also dead cells. The cells underneath that are living. They produce new dead cells to replenish your skin. The sun gives off ultraviolet light. Ultraviolet light is what kills the living cells.Nerve endings and receptors function to cause covering skin to prevent further sunburn. Sebum is lubrication of skin and hair. When your body senses dead cells your immune system starts working to heal your body. It increases blood flow in the affected areas, opening up capillary wall s so that white blood cells can come in and remove the damaged cells. The increased blood flow makes your skin warm and red. The nerve endings for pain begin sending signals to your brain. Damaged cells release chemicals that activate pain receptors. This is why sunburned skin is so sensitive.There are ways to prevent sunburn without having to stay inside. Use a sunscreen, which blocks ultraviolet light, or pace yourself so you get a tan first. When you get a tan, your body essentially creates its own sunscreen using special pigment cells in the epidermis. Deep cuts can become infected easily if it is not taken care of properly. Signs of infection are; redness or discoloration, swelling, warmth, pain, tenderness, scaling, itching, and pulse drainage. The skin may harden or tighten in the area and red streaks may radiate from the wound.Wound infections may also cause fevers, especially when they spread to the blood. While in the water and you happen to cut your foot; immediately lift up your foot to prevent a deeper cut. â€Å"Eccrine glands open by a duct directly onto the skin surface. When internal temperature rises, the eccrine glands secrete water to the skin surface, where heat is removed by evaporation. † There are many types of protective swim wear you can purchase to prevent organisms and chemicals from getting to your skin.

What aspects of this passage are of interest, considering the novel as a whole?

In this passage, a number of key themes are introduced into the novel. Waugh highlights Guy's dislocation in society and his feelings of loneliness and exclusion. Waugh also satirises the upper class of society greatly throughout the novel and particularly in this passage. Other themes presented in the passage which are important to the novel as a whole are themes of selfishness and justice. In the passage, Waugh portrays as lonely and excluded from society at the time. From the statement, ‘There was always someone going Guy's way towards his hotel, always a friendly arm. But his heart was lonely. , we can see that Guy is unable to find a female companion which adds to his loneliness and gives his life less purpose. Furthermore, he seeks comfort from the old soldiers but ‘Guy found no sympathy among these old soldiers for his own hot indignation'. Guy seems to be insulted by the fact he is not able to lead the life of a typical soldier and feel a sense of inclusion. Later in the novel, Guy psychologically excludes himself from the rest of his regiment by saying ‘It looks as though I am going to be an extra mouth', implying that he is not useful to society at the time, giving his life little purpose. By describing Guy's situation, Waugh is questioning whether society fulfils its purpose of making people feel included and useful. Guy's age acts as a barrier between him and the younger soldiers who call him ‘Uncle', emphasised when ‘He was excused from parades and Physical Training' because of his injury. Before the passage, Waugh explains that ‘Guy alone was a stranger among them'. Waugh's use of emotive language such as ‘Guy alone' and the word ‘stranger' help create an image of loneliness, as Guy is different from the rest of the men. Guy's inability to live a life of fulfilment and feel a sense of inclusion plays a part in Waugh's satirising of the upper class. Waugh suggests that the exclusivity of the upper class prevents Guy living a life of fulfilment. Guy wants to become a part of the war effort in order to make himself useful but finds himself being excluded. This is supported by Lord Kilbannock who remarks that ‘It's a very exclusive war at present. Once you're in, there's every opportunity. Waugh is able to satirise the upper class by ridiculing the principles, actions and traditions of the Halberdiers. Waugh often patronises the Halberdiers with Guy thinking ‘†¦ it seemed impossible that anything conducted by the Halberdiers could fall short of excellence'. However, this statement is ironic as, in the same chapter, Guy and half a dozen of the Halberdiers receive the wrong order, culminating in them missing the train to their new destination, Kut-al-Imara House. This shows that the Halberdiers give the appearance of a well organised force, but in reality, they are not an efficient fighting force. Waugh also satirises the upper class through the use of double-barreled names. In the passage, the name ‘Box-Bender' is mentioned. Throughout the novel, Waugh uses double-barrelled names for numerous characters, such as ‘Ritchie-Hook, Sarum-Smith' and a triple-barrelled name for ‘Grace-Groundling-Marchpole'. In their endeavour to remain exclusive, they have embellished their names to the extent of comical pomposity. However, the name ‘Crouchback' serves only to exclude Guy yet further, giving a pathetic image of a poor, old man bent over with a sore back. The exclusiveness of the upper class is translated into the theme of selfishness by many characters throughout the novel. Firstly, many young soldiers had their lives ruined by generals such as Ritchie-Hook who were prepared to carelessly ‘spend them'. In the passage, Waugh argues that ‘Most of them had gone straight from school to the trenches and spent the rest of their lives forgetting the mice and lice and noise. ‘ The repetition of the word ‘and' in this sentence emphasises the negative aspects of war. Secondly, in this novel as a whole, Virginia represents the selfishness of the upper class. She is prepared to use men for their money and leave them if they lose their money. For example, when talking to Guy outside the passage, Virginia reminisces ‘It was the year everyone went broke†¦ That was another of the troubles with Tommy' and ‘Money gone, Me gone, all in one go'. Both these comments show that Virginia left her husbands when they had no money, illustrating her lack of principles and selfishness. Waugh extends the theme of selfishness in the novel to society in general, when the hotel owners raise their prices such as at the Marine Hotel. Managements and servants had settled down to the simple policy of doing less than they had done before, for rather more money. ‘ They are exploiting their fellow countrymen as they know that comfortable accommodation is at a premium. The moral issues involving Apthorpe's selfish and ruthless attitude to promotion relate to the theme of justice in the novel. During the passage, justice is considered briefly by the old soldiers. Box-Bender's view is that ‘You'd have a general strike and the whole country in collapse if you set up to be just'. This reinforces the moral issue that a selfish, immoral man finds it easier to progress in our society, illustrated by men in authority such as the Brigade Major and Ritchie-Hook. Guy takes the Brigade Major's advice and takes a bottle of whisky to Apthorpe in hospital as an act of kindness, but this results in the death of Apthorpe for which he is forced to take full responsibility. Neither the Brigade Major nor Ritchie-Hook give him any support. This event shows that army life encourages a ruthless, selfish attitude as a lack of justice within the army ranks will ensure this type of character succeeds.